UVC-Disinfecting Breast Expander
An implantable device inserted into existing breast expander, designed to address the high infection rates of breast reconstruction, with UVC LEDs controlled by an automatic timing scheme.
Problem Statement
Address high infection rates related to the use of the breast tissue expander in patients who have had a mastectomy and radiation therapy by reducing bacterial infection rates and improve tissue expander success.
User Needs and Specifications
Efficacy in Sterilization
85% Illumination coverage
2000mW⋅s/cm² Dosage of UVC on outside surface of silicone expander
85% Sterilization of:
Staphlyococcal aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ralstonia bacteria
Electrical Components Insulated
Device stays within range of 5°C of the environment
Device functions in saline environment
Portability
Weight of the device ≤ 200 g
No external wires or components outside of the body
Imaging Compatibility
X-Ray and CT compatible
Ultrasound compatible
Does not cause magnetic interference
5. Compatibility with Breast Expansion
Fits smoothly inside the expander, without protruding edges
Compatible with magnetic port
Fully incorporated within the standalone breast expander
6. Durability
System is fully functional with ≤ 50 lb force/compression
Lasts up to 1 year in the body
7. Comfort
Comfortable weight distribution while standing and laying
Fits smoothly inside the expander
Causes no lasting imprints on tissue
8. Functional without Further Interaction
No patient interaction required
No further surgeries required
Lasts up to 1 year in the body
9. Cost
Materials cost below $250
Existing Solutions
The current prevention method involves sterilizing the expander before surgery. If infected, the patient can only be treated with antibiotics, and a worsening infection could require premature removal of the breast expander.
Relevant patent search:
US9808647B2 - Methods and apparatus to inactivate infectious agents on a catheter residing in a body cavity
US20150073396A1- Apparatus, method, and system for selectively effecting and/or killing bacteria
US9259513B2- Photocatalytic disinfection of implanted catheters
US20532219B2 - Apparatus for treatment of wounds and skin medical conditions at a predetermined skin area of a human body
Final Prototype
Enclosure Design
The 3-D printed enclosure includes strain-relief clamping for LED wires. The enclosure is printed using PLA and has a volume of 26mL. An O-ring around the rim of the disk ensures waterproofing.
Circuit Design
An ATtiny85 microcontroller controls the timing scheme. The PCB also includes pin headers for the battery port and 4 sets of 3 LEDS in parallel. Other components include a voltage regulator and NPN transistor.
Timing Scheme
The UVC lights will be turned on for 15 minutes twice a day, to kill approximately 96.18% of bacteria. The short 12 hour off period prevents bacterial growth from reaching a full medium layer, which can develop within 16 hours. The device will begin in the "off" stage to prevent accidental exposure to surgeons and hospital staff.
Surgeon Workflow